Surgical Education

Surgical education embraces simulation and competency frameworks with post-2024 ACGME changes. The session covers simulation-based training (FLS, FES, FUSE certifications), CMS-defined surgical competencies, VR and AR in training (FundamentalVR, Osso VR), robotic-surgery training and credentialing (Intuitive's pathway), entrustable professional activities (EPAs), and resident-work-hour debates. Discussion addresses mentorship models, US/EU/Asian surgical-education frameworks, telementoring in education, women in surgery and gender disparities, surgical fellowship landscape, and AI-driven surgical-skills assessment.